Environmental Science (Course Code: 9389) Important Question
Unit 1: Introduction to Environmental Science
1. Define the term Environment. Differentiate between Natural, Social, and Built Environment.
2. Explain the components of the environment. How do abiotic and biotic factors interact?
3. Discuss Environmental Science as a multidisciplinary field. Mention at least 5 disciplines.
4. What is environmentalism? Describe its history in Pakistan and globally.
5. Differentiate between the following:
Pollutant vs Contaminant
Abiotic vs Biotic Factors
Weather vs Climate
Unit 2: Basics of Physical Components of Natural Environment
1. Describe the four major spheres of the Earth: Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere.
2. Explain the Hydrological Cycle with a labeled diagram.
3. Discuss the Carbon Cycle and its role in global warming.
4. What are macro and micro-nutrients? Explain their importance for living organisms.
5. How do topographic factors like altitude and slope affect ecosystems?
Unit 3: Basics of Biological Components of Natural Environment
1. Classify living organisms into plants, animals, and microorganisms. Give examples.
2. What is bioenergetics? Explain energy flow in ecosystems.
3. Describe different types of interactions among organisms: mutualism, parasitism, predation, etc.
4. Why is mimicry important in ecological systems?
Unit 4: Basics of Climatology
1. Differentiate between Weather and Climate.
2. What are greenhouse gases? Discuss their sources and impact on global warming.
3. Explain the layers of the atmosphere and their significance.
4. What is climate change? Discuss its impacts on ecosystems and human life.
5. How do climate models help in predicting future climate scenarios?
Unit 5: Aqueous Ecosystems
1. Define aqueous ecosystems. Differentiate between freshwater and marine ecosystems.
2. Draw and explain the water cycle.
3. Describe the oceanic zones based on light penetration.
4. What are the major environmental challenges to aquatic ecosystems?
5. Discuss the role of oceans in regulating climate and supporting biodiversity.
Unit 6: Land Ecosystems
1. Describe different types of land ecosystems: rainforest, desert, tundra, grassland, etc.
2. What are biogeographic regions? Explain with examples.
3. Discuss the environmental challenges faced by land ecosystems.
4. How do altitude and latitude affect land ecosystems?
Unit 7: Introduction to Environmental Chemistry
1. What is environmental chemistry? Define03013283162 pollutants and contaminants.
2. Discuss major air pollutants and their impact on health.
3. Explain water and soil pollution with examples of chemical contaminants.
4. What is green chemistry? Describe its principles and importance.
5. Differentiate between organic and inorganic pollutants.
Unit 8: Introduction to Environmental Physics
1. What is environmental physics? Explain its role in understanding environmental systems.
2. Describe the water cycle and its physical processes.
3. How do thermodynamic laws apply to ecosystems?
4. Explain the structure of the Earth and its layers.
5. What is thermoregulation? How do organisms adapt to temperature changes?
Unit 9: Environmental Conservation 03013283162
1. What is environmental conservation? Discuss its significance and historical development.
2. Explain in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies with examples.
3. What are the major environmental challenges today?
4. Discuss sustainable practices in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries.
5. What role do policies and NGOs play in environmental conservation?
یہ تمام سوالات 9389 بک سے بنائے گئے ہیں، ان سب سوالوں کے جواب بک سے با آسانی مل جائینگے لیکن اگر کوئی طالب علم آپنی آسانی چاہتا ہے تو وہ انٹرنیٹ یا جدید ذرائع کی مدد سے بھی جواب حاصل کر سکتا ہے۔ امتحان میں یہ ضروری نہیں کہ بالکل کتاب والے الفاظ ہی لکھے جائیں بلکہ اپ آپنے الفاظ میں بھی پیپر لکھ سکتے ہیں